In 1925 Emile Holman grafted a mothers skin onto a badly burnt baby. The baby rejected the skin and this rejection occurred more rapidly on the second attempt. In addition the childs own skin became inflammed.
From 1936-1949 Voronoy a Russian surgeon, preformed five unsuccessful human renal allografts.
From 1951 kidneys were grafted a the Peter Bent Brigham hospital in Boston from one subject to another, into the thigh. The professor of medicine was George Thorn, other member of this collaborative group were David Hume and Gustav Dammin.