Forward component of plasma:

When the forward compartment is diminished, for instance due to bleeding, there is coolness of the extremeties, sweating due to activation of the flight or fright response, decreased tissue perfusion (oliguria, aggression, confusion), a rise in pulse rate and a fall in blood pressure, see table 4.

Expansion of the forward compartment results in a rise in blood pressure and a compensatory fall in pulse rate to reduce the cardiac output. This may be caused by overzealous fluid administration.